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Multiple Primary Malignancies Associated with Colorectal Cancer: A Review of Clinical Features, Etiology, and Prognosis
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  • Xiaoyue Zhang,
  • Wenqi Wu,
  • Yuxia Wang,
  • Yu Xiao,
  • Tao Sun,
  • Hao Wang
Xiaoyue Zhang
Peking University Third Hospital
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Wenqi Wu
Peking University Third Hospital
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Yuxia Wang
Peking University Third Hospital
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Yu Xiao
Peking University Third Hospital
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Tao Sun
Peking University Third Hospital
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Hao Wang
Third Hospital of Beijing University

Corresponding Author:wanghaobysy@bjmu.edu.cn

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Abstract

The incidence of multiple primary malignancies (MPMs) associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) varies, ranging from 3.0% to 17.0%, with synchronous MPMs occurring at rates of 1.0% to 4.41%. The incidence of MPMs was found to be higher in male and older CRC patients. However, age-related findings are inconsistent, with some studies indicating a higher risk in younger CRC patients, possibly linked to genetic aberrations and carcinogen exposure. The field cancerization theory, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy demonstrated associations with the occurrence of MPMs. Genetic analyses emphasizing microsatellite instability (MSI), CpG island methylation phenotype (CIMP), chromosomal translocations, and p53 mutations as potential contributors to the development of MPMs associated with CRC. Prognostically, MPMs associated with CRC, especially synchronous cases, are linked to lower survival rates, primarily attributed to postoperative complications.
Submitted to Cancer Reports
31 May 2024Reviewer(s) Assigned
13 Jul 2024Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
22 Jul 2024Editorial Decision: Revise Major