Appendix
Table S1 Blomberg’s K for each leaf trait.
Table S2 Results of analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with leaf traits (LCC, LDMC, LD, WSD, and LMA) as dependent variables, plant height and diameter as covariates, and intertidal gradients and growth forms as the factors. Values in bold indicate significant effects (p < 0.05).
Figure S1 Relationships between leaf traits and plant size, fitted by regression for shrubs and trees. The coefficients of determination (R 2) and p are shown in each panel. The trait abbreviations are provided in Table S1.
Figure S2 Relationships between leaf traits and plant size, fitted by regression for low- and high-elevation intertidal zones. The coefficients of determination (R 2) and p are shown in each panel. The trait abbreviations are provided in Table S1.
Table 1 List of species, genera, families, intertidal gradients, growth forms, plant heights, and diameters at breast height (DBHs) or basal diameters (means ± SE) in the