This study delves into MCDM methods for scheduling oncological surgeries, uncovering limited use but significant potential to enhance patient outcomes and healthcare resource efficiency. Employing a SLR, it identifies challenges in resource constraints and ethical patient selection, while highlighting opportunities for customizing prioritization in diverse healthcare settings. Advocating patient-centered methods and interdisciplinary cooperation, the findings emphasize MCDM's promising role in advancing research on surgical scheduling prioritization, aiming for optimal patient care and resource allocation.