Figure 1. Provenance differences in leaf functional traits of four
tropical tree species grown under common environmental conditions.
Panels show (a) leaf width, (b) stomatal conductance,g s, (c) leaf inclination angle, and (d) thermal
time constant, τ. Species include Ca = Castanospermum australe, Hn = Homalanthus novo-guineensis, Me = Melicope elleryana, and Tm = Terminalia macrocarpa . Data represent tree averages
(n =6) presented as box and whisker plots showing median and
interquartile range, with the average marked by ×. Results of
intraspecific t-test of provenance differences indicated by subscript
ns=not significant, * p < 0.05, ** p <
0.001, and *** p < 0.0001.