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\title{A protection scheme based on dual criterion of activeinjection and
virtual voltage for distribution network linewith T-connected
distributed photovoltaic and load}



\author[1]{Junqi Qiu}%
\author[2]{Ruifeng Zhao}%
\author[1]{Bin Li}%
\affil[1]{Guangdong Power Grid Corp}%
\affil[2]{Guangdong Power Grid Corp Power Dispatching Control Center}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{April 25, 2026}


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\begin{abstract}
This paper firstly analyses the fault equivalent circuit of DG
(Distributed Generation) as a high-frequency harmonic source, and then
deduces the fault characteristics of the electrical quantities at both
ends on the basis of high-frequency harmonic injection, pointing out the
weaknesses: easily affected by the load capacity of the T-connected
load. Afterwards, this paper draws the equivalent circuit diagram of the
positive sequence component after the fault and derives the difference
expression of the virtual electrical quantity at the opposite end under
internal or external faults at different locations, and then analyses
the fault characteristics of positive sequence under the industrial
frequency. On this basis, this paper proposes a double-terminal
protection scheme based on the combination of high-frequency harmonic
injection and virtual positive sequence differential principle. Finally,
the protection scheme is verified on the MATLAB/SIMULINK platform. And
the proposed protection method can identify faults within 30ms, with a
capability of enduring transient resistance up to 200 \selectlanguage{greek}Ω, \selectlanguage{english}noise immunity
reaching 200 dB, and being unaffected by the size of T-connected load
capacity or the fault location.%
\end{abstract}%



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\textbf{Hosted file}

\verb`A_protection_scheme_based_on_double-_criterion_for_distribution_network_line_with_T-connected_IIDG_and_load.docx`  available at \url{https://authorea.com/users/777234/articles/1217811-a-protection-scheme-based-on-dual-criterion-of-activeinjection-and-virtual-voltage-for-distribution-network-linewith-t-connected-distributed-photovoltaic-and-load}

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