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Multiwavelength Laser Diode based Portable Photoacoustic and Ultrasound Imaging System for Point of Care Applications
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  • Mahaan Mitra,
  • Abigail Haworth,
  • Prameth Gaddale,
  • Faisal Badran,
  • Nuzhath Lagno,
  • Colette Pameijer,
  • Faisal Aziz,
  • Sri-Rajasekhar Kothapalli
Mahaan Mitra
The Pennsylvania State University Department of Biomedical Engineering
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Abigail Haworth
The Pennsylvania State University Department of Biomedical Engineering
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Prameth Gaddale
The Pennsylvania State University Department of Biomedical Engineering
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Faisal Badran
The Pennsylvania State University Department of Biomedical Engineering
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Nuzhath Lagno
The Pennsylvania State University Department of Biomedical Engineering
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Colette Pameijer
Penn State Health Department of Surgery
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Faisal Aziz
Penn State Health Department of Surgery
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Sri-Rajasekhar Kothapalli
The Pennsylvania State University Department of Biomedical Engineering

Corresponding Author:srkothapalli@psu.edu

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Abstract

Vascular diseases are a leading cause of death and disability worldwide. Despite having precursor conditions like peripheral arterial disease (PAD), they are often only diagnosed after the onset of strokes or heart attacks. Low-cost, portable, non-invasive, point-of-care (POC) assessment of deep vascular function benefits PAD diagnosis, especially in low-and-middle-income countries. Doppler ultrasound-based blood flow measurements can diagnose PAD, albeit, with limited sensitivity and specificity. To overcome this, here, we propose the first-of-its-kind photoacoustic-and-ultrasound (PAUS) imaging system that integrates a multiwavelength pulsed laser diode (PLD) with a compact ultrasound data acquisition system. The portable PLD-PAUS system was validated for deep tissue imaging using tissue phantoms, and for multispectral photoacoustic imaging using an atherosclerosis mimicking phantom. Further, we demonstrated high-contrast volumetric in-vivo photoacoustic imaging of rodent abdominal vasculature and quantified vessel reactivity due to hypercapnia stimulation. The multiparametric functional and molecular imaging capabilities of the PLD-PAUS system holds promise for POC applications.
21 Feb 2024Submitted to Journal of Biophotonics
21 Feb 2024Reviewer(s) Assigned
15 Mar 2024Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
17 Mar 2024Editorial Decision: Revise Major
16 Apr 2024Submission Checks Completed
16 Apr 2024Assigned to Editor
16 Apr 2024Reviewer(s) Assigned
16 Apr 2024Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending