Boesenbergia kalakadensis (Zingiberaceae), a new species from Kalakad-Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve (KMTR), Tirunelveli District of Tamil Nadu, India is described and illustrated. Boesenbergia kalakadensis is closely allied to B. rotunda (L.) Mansf., and B. tiliifolia (Baker) Kuntze, but differs from them in its rhizome; leaves; inflorescence; length of flowers; glabrous nature of bract and bracteoles; length of calyx and corolla tube; size and shape of the corolla lobes; size, colour and margins of lateral staminodes; broader, orbicular, flat labellum; sessile, glandular hairy, crested anther; and length of style. A key to species of Boesenbergia in Peninsular India is provided.

Boesenbergia kalakadensis (Zingiberaceae), a new species, from the Kalakad region of Kalakad-Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve (KMTR), in the Tirunelveli District of Tamil Nadu, India is described and illustrated here by including the information on its distribution, habitat, phenology, ecology and conservation status.