Introduction:
Cyclopia (synophthalmia) is a fatal uncommon congenital
abnormality.1-3 It is the severest case of
holoprosencephaly (HPE).1,3-7 During the
organogenesis, the embryonic prosencephalon is divided partially or
never into the right and left cerebral hemispheres,2,3which leads to the pilgrims not being divided into double separate
caves.1,4,7-9 This happens between the eighteenth and
the twenty-eighth day of pregnancy.1,4,7,8 The
incidence is 1.05 per 100,000 births including
stillbirth1 with a tendency to occur in
females8. Clinically, there are typical craniofacial
features including a single or imperfectly cleft eye in one orbit, nasal
agenesis or proboscis, which is a non-functional nose located above the
central orbit and that is known as
Rhinocephaly.1-3,6,9,10 Furthermore, the extracranial
characteristics along with Cyclopia, for instance, polydactyly, renal
dysplasia, Omphalacele1,2,6 also cardiac malformations
such as ventricle septum defect (VSD).10 Synophthalmia
is possible to develop for no specific reason7 or due
to risk factors such as exposure to deformed substances during
pregnancy10, diabetes, infections6,
and genetic mutations6,10. This case is incompatible
with life4,5,7 either abortion or stillbirth or dying
several hours after birth.1,3,8,10 Diagnosis began
from the 22nd week of pregnancy6 by
ultrasound (US).4-7 The most common syndrome
associated with Cyclopia is Patau (trisomy 13)3,10.
Herein, we present a unique case of alobar holoprosencephaly with
cyclopia which was diagnosed after miscarriage.