Figure 2. Growth of sunflower for early (blue) and normal (red) sowing dates under field conditions using manual and high-throughput UAV phenotyping. Means (points) ± 1 standard deviation (SD) (error bars) of the (A) vigor, (B) canopy cover and (C) height of XRQ plants. Vertical dashed lines indicate sowing dates. (D) Means ± 1 SD of growth rates of plant emergence and time to reach fully expanded leaf 1, (E) mean canopy cover growth rate and (F) mean height growth rate. Asterisks indicate the significance of the Student’s t-test between the cold and control treatments using the emmeans R function: ***: p < 0.001, **: p < 0.01, *: p < 0.05, NS: non-significant. Corresponding experimentations are 21TE01-02 and 22EX01-02.