Table S3 Results of the ANOVA analyses (F-values) for the effects of shrub type (ST), shrub encroachment (SE), and their interaction (ST × SE) on the multiple ecosystem functions of semi-arid alpine steppes. EMF, ecosystem multifunctionality; AEMF, aboveground ecosystem multifunctionality; BEMF, belowground ecosystem multifunctionality. *, p < 0.05; **, p < 0.01; ***, p < 0.001.