Research on social and personality psychology of political ideology has focused largely on Western democracies. To understand the extent to which this work can generalize beyond the social and political contexts in which they are studied, we conducted two studies in India (total N = 2836). First, we developed and validated a scale to measure ideology in India and identified two sociocultural factors: adherence to norms and to hierarchy; economic ideology was unreliable. Last, we identified the correlates of political ideology in India drawing from theoretical and empirical work on social and political psychology. This work adds to social psychological literature as an initial step in theory development to study political ideology in one Global South context.