Abstract The paper examines the origin of the animosities and the raging conflict in Sudan, culminating into the current devastating consequences and regional implications. Broadly, it investigates the actual motivation of the deadly violence between (Sudan Army Forces (S.A.F) and Rapid Support Forces (R.S.F), shedding light on the ensuing devastation. In addition, it contributes to the current debate and delves into ongoing mediation initiatives and proposes remedies to address challenges hindering the success of peace efforts.