Statistical analysis
To test whether the parasitism type and spatial scale modulates the
host-switching intensity in the empirical cases analysed, a linear
mixed-effects model (LMM) was performed using the lmer function from the
‘lme 4’ package (Bates et al. 2015). For this analysis the
host-switching intensity, the type of parasitism as well as the spatial
scale as fixed variables were included, and empirical cases were treated
as random variables. After performing the LMM analysis, an analysis of
variance (ANOVA) was used to determine significant differences (p-value
≤ 0.01) using the Anova function in the ‘car’ package (Fox & Weisberg
2019). All statistical analyses were performed in R v.4.0.0 (R Core Team
2020) and Rstudio v.1.3.959 (RStudio Team 2020).