Carapa guianensis Aubl., known as andiroba, is a multipurpose tree from the Amazon. Planted under environmental conditions, there is still no conclusive data on the light preferences of this species. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate growth and physio- logical variables at four shading levels (0%, 30%, 50% and 70%). In the first observation period (≤ 15 months), the relative chlorophyll content (SPAD index) indicated more efficient carbon gain by photosynthesis under shade conditions. Gas exchange measurements (20 months) allowed to conclude that the conditions of exposure to the sun caused photoinhibition. Dry matter evaluation (24 months) confirmed: 50% shade resulted in the greatest increase in dry matter for all plant parts (leaves, stems and roots). This study indicates that this species can give a greater return in relation to biomass under shading conditions, such as in secondary forest enrichment or agroforestry systems, at least in the initial phase of establishment.