Background: Endotracheal intubation is a procedure commonly performed in the emergency department. Endotracheal intubation poses a risk of exposure to infectious aerosol droplets. The present study aims to test the effect of using an aerosol box and personal protective equipment on the intubation time while performing on endotracheal intubation manikin. Methods: The study participants (11 emergency specialist, 11 emergency physician and 11 general practitioner) performed endotracheal intubation on a training manikin in three different airway simulations. Simulation 1 had neither PPE nor AB, simulation 2 had PPE, and simulation 3 had both PPE and AB. The intubation times, the number of intubation attempts, and the discomfort caused by the aerosol box were recorded. Results: There was no significant difference in the number of intubation attempts between the physicians according to their position and airway simulations (p>0.05). There was a significant difference at all time points except for the time to endotracheal tube cuff inflation in three different airway simulations using personal protective equipment and an aerosol box (p<0.05). The median intubation times were longer using PPE and an AB. Conclusion: The use of personal protective equipment and an aerosol box significantly increases the total intubation time. Keywords: Endotracheal intubation, Personal protective equipment, Aerosol box, Video-laryngoscope

The Ultrasound Examination of the Optic Nerve Sheath Diameter in the Patients Presenting with Carbon Monoxide Poisoning: A pilot study Introduciton: In carbon monoxide poisoning, hypoxia results in neuronal damage and death of brain cells. It is considered that cerebral edema occurs consequently, with an associated increase in intracranial pressure. The present study evaluates the presence of increased intracranial pressure using the measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter by ultrasonography in the patients presenting with carbon monoxide poisoning. Methods: 28 patients diagnosed with carbon monoxide poisoning after presenting to the emergency department underwent the bilateral measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter by ultrasonography. The patients’ demographic data, laboratory results, stage of the poisoning, and optic nerve sheath diameters were recorded. Results: The median optic nerve sheath diameter in the right and left sides was greater than 5 mm. The optic nerve sheath diameter of the right and the left eye was significantly higher in the patients with severe carbon monoxide poisoning than those with moderate and mild poisoning. Conclusion: The measurement of optic nerve sheath diameter can be used to evaluate the presence of an increased intracranial pressure in the patients with carbon monoxide poisoning. Keywords: Carbon Monoxide poisoning, elevated intracranial pressure, ultrasonography, Optic nerve sheath diameter