Background Antibiotic resistance is a global concern of public health resulting due to the indiscriminate use, abuse and misuse of antibiotics. In order to encounter this health issue, it is highly essential to primarily understand the knowledge and attitude of the healthcare professional students towards the use of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance Objective The objective of the present study was to assess the levels of knowledge, attitudes and practices pertaining to antibiotics use and resistance among the healthcare professional students (MBBS, BDS, B.Pharma and B.Sc (Nursing) students of Andhra Pradesh, India. Methods A cross sectional survey was conducted using structured questionnaire. Collected data was analyzed using Chi-square test, ANOVA and adjusted odd ratios (AORs) with 95% significance by SPSS version 20. A total of 326 participants responded giving information in the structured questionnaire given to them. Results The prevalence of self-medication among the participants was 27% (n = 87/326). A proportionately larger number of MBBS students were self-medicating (51%) compared to the other students (p<0.05). The reason for student’s self-medication was because of the illness being too simple for consultation. Nearly one third of the participants (53.1%) stated that their earlier familiarity with the disease (old prescriptions for the same illness) was a source of information about the drug to be used. The results of ANOVA analysis indicated that knowledge, attitudes and patient doctor relationship are not uniform among individual groups with mean squares of 2.0, 2.122, and 2.69 respectively. Correlation analysis indicates moderately strong positive linear relationship that attitude shares with patient doctor relationship regarding antibiotic use. Conclusions The results of the current study suggest that majority of the students are aware of the antimicrobial resistance and its consequences. However, the students were found to have very casual attitude towards the use of antibiotics.