Background: Left atrial appendage aneurysm (LAAA) is a rare cardiac disease with potentially life-threatening complications such as systemic thromboembolism, atrial tachyarrhythmia and cardiac dysfunction. Currently, early surgical intervention is recommended as the most suitable treatment to prevent these complications. Case introduction: In this case report, we describe a 58-year-old female patient admitted to the hospital with the main symptoms of active dyspnea and recurrent palpitations for 3 years, which had worsened for a week prior to presentation. The relevant literature was also reviewed to summarize the clinical features of LAAA and physical examination and diagnostic work-ups for patients, including those with no apparent symptoms. These findings will provide valuable information for further treatment options and facilitate necessary intervention measures to prevent serious complications.