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Immunocompromised individuals are at increased risk of COVID-19 breakthrough infection, hospitalisation and death in the post vaccination era: A systematic review.
  • Yuxin Ying,
  • Jola Bytyci ,
  • Lennard Lee
Yuxin Ying
University of Oxford

Corresponding Author:yuxin.ying@sjc.ox.ac.uk

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Jola Bytyci
University of Oxford
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Lennard Lee
University of Oxford
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Abstract

Immunocompromised individuals have been shown to mount a reduced response to vaccination, resulting in reduced vaccine effectiveness in this cohort. Therefore, in the post vaccination era, immunocompromised individuals remain at high risk of breakthrough infection and COVID-19 related hospitalisation and death. There has been a marked paucity of systematic review evaluating existing data describing the clinical measures of efficacy of COVID-19 vaccination in protecting immunocompromised individuals, specifically against, breakthrough infections and severe COVID-19. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review which aimed to provide a summary of current clinical evidence of the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination in the immunocompromised population. Our findings demonstrated that immunocompromised patients remained at high risk of breakthrough infection and severe COVID-19 outcomes compared to the general population. These groups included those with: cancer, organ transplants, chronic kidney disease, HIV and immunodeficiencies, amongst others. This demonstrated that vaccination does not offer an adequate level of protection in these groups, necessitating further measures such as Evusheld and further boosters.
01 Apr 2023Submitted to Immunity, Inflammation and Disease
17 Apr 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
17 Apr 2023Submission Checks Completed
17 Apr 2023Assigned to Editor
23 Apr 2023Reviewer(s) Assigned
19 Oct 2023Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
27 Oct 20231st Revision Received
29 Oct 2023Submission Checks Completed
29 Oct 2023Assigned to Editor
29 Oct 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
31 Oct 2023Reviewer(s) Assigned
03 Mar 2024Editorial Decision: Revise Major
08 Apr 2024Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
12 Apr 2024Editorial Decision: Accept