Statistical analysis
Data analysis was performed with commercially available software (IBM SPSS version 20.0). Shapiro-Wilk test was used for normal distribution of data. The data were statistically analysed by paired T-test to compare the concentration of cardiac biomarkers, echocardiographic indices and electrocardiographic parameters in horses before and after exercise. The confidence interval percentage and the significance level were 95% and p<0.05 respectively.