VPS8D, a CORVET subunit, is required to maintain the contractile vacuole
complex in Tetrahymena thermophila
Abstract
Contractile vacuole complexes (CVCs) are complex osmoregulatory
organelles, with vesicular (bladder) and tubular (spongiome)
subcompartments. The mechanisms that underlie their formation and
maintenance within the eukaryotic endomembrane network are poorly
understood. In the Ciliate Tetrahymena thermophila, six
differentiated CORVETs (class C core vacuole/endosome tethering
complexes), with Vps8 subunits designated A-F, are likely to direct
endosomal trafficking. Vps8Dp localizes to both bladder and spongiome.
We show by inducible knockdown that VPS8D is essential to CVC
organization and function. VPS8D knockdown increased
susceptibility to osmotic shock, tolerated in the wildtype but
triggering irreversible lethal swelling in the mutant. The knockdown
rapidly triggered contraction of the spongiome and lengthened the period
of the bladder contractile cycle. More prolonged knockdown resulted in
disassembly of both the spongiome and bladder, and dispersal of proteins
associated with those compartments. In stressed cells where the normally
singular bladder is replaced by numerous vesicles bearing bladder
markers, Vps8Dp concentrated conspicuously at long-lived inter-vesicle
contact sites, consistent with tethering activity. Similarly, Vps8Dp in
cell-free preparations accumulated at junctions formed after vacuoles
came into close contact. Also consistent with roles for Vps8Dp in
tethering and/or fusion were the emergence in knockdown cells of
multiple vacuole-related structures, replacing the single bladder.