The rapid monitoring of food safety plays a key role in the food industry. Here, we have prepared a lanthanide metallo-organic framework Eu-TCPP, which can selectively detect aflatoxin B1, showing an ultrafast response of 5 min, a detection limit (LOD) of 44.17 ng/mL, and potential to develop point-of-care testing (POCT) sensing materials. Moreover, the emission wavelength of Eu-TCPP is at 617nm, which can effectively avoid aflatoxin autofluorescence interference, which is rarely reported in other mycotoxin fluorescence detection sensors. Combined experimental analysis and density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the high selectivity, high sensitivity and rapid response ability of Eu-TCPP to detect aflatoxin B1 may be due to the LUMO level of the ligand higher than the LUMO level of aflatoxin, which transfers electrons to the object to be detected, resulting in weakened fluorescence. This study not only provides a potential probe for aflatoxin detection, but also providing a horizon that can guide the development of sensing materials for point-of-care testing (POCT) application.