Objective: The objective of this paper is to evaluate and analyze the contribution of the region of residence to the inequality of opportunity (IOp) in the utilization of reproductive healthcare services (RHCS) in Cameroon. Data source: The data used come from the last two Demographic and Health Surveys carried out in Cameroon in 2011 and 2018. Study design: The Human Opportunity Index (HOI) and the Dissimilarity Index (D-Index) are used to assess the level of IOp in the utilization of antenatal, delivery and postnatal healthcare. The Shapley decomposition method is used to estimate the contributions of circumstances to IOp. Principal findings: Findings show that between 2011 and 2018, HOI increased slightly for antenatal care and the place of delivery, and increased considerably for postnatal care. D-index is higher for the place of delivery and it fell slightly for all the reproductive healthcare outcomes between 2011 and 2018. Results of the Shapley decomposition show that (i) the region of residence is the circumstance factor with the highest contribution to the IOp no matter the reproductive healthcare outcome, and (ii) this contribution decreased between 2011 and 2018. Conclusion: This paper therefore recommends to the Government the gradual extension of the health voucher programme, implemented only in the three northern regions, to the other regions to make it possible to balance the access to adequate reproductive health care between the regions.