1. IntroductionParathyroid lipoadenoma，one of the rare causes of primary hyperparathyroidism, is an uncommon type of parathyroid adenoma, described as a single parathyroid adenoma with more than 50% fat on histologic examination and an unknown etiology. There are currently 64 cases of parathyroid lipoadenoma reported on PubMed. We present a case that supplements and supports the rare literature data concerning the clinical and therapeutic aspects of occasional parathyroid lipoadenoma in thyroid cancer surgery in our treatment centre and review the relevant literature.