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\begin{document}

\title{~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Physics Lesson: Building a Solar Oven~~ ~ ~ ~~}



\author[1]{Jad Said}%
\affil[1]{Affiliation not available}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{June 10, 2024}


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\textbf{Grade Level}: 9\textsuperscript{th} Grade

\textbf{Duration:} 50 minutes

\textbf{Standards Alignment:}

~~~~Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) HS-PS3-3: Design, build,
and refine a device that works within given constraints to convert one
form of energy into another form of energy.

~~~~Common Core State Standards (CCSS) Math: HSN-Q.A.1: Use units as a
way to understand problems and to guide the solution of multi-step
problems.

\textbf{Objective:}

~~~~Students will design and build a solar oven using everyday materials
to understand the principles of energy conversion, insulation, and
reflection.

~

\textbf{Materials:}

\begin{itemize}
\tightlist
\item
  Cardboard boxes
\item
  Aluminum foil
\item
  Black construction paper
\item
  Plastic wrap
\item
  Tape
\item
  Thermometers
\item
  Marshmallows or chocolate (for testing)
\item
  Protractors
\item
  Rulers
\item
  Calculators
\item
  Computers or tablets with internet access
\end{itemize}

\section*{Lesson Procedure:}

{\label{963882}}\par\null

\textbf{Introduction (10 minutes)}

~~~~Discuss the importance of renewable energy sources and the role of
solar energy.

Introduce the concept of a solar oven and how it uses the sun's energy
to cook food.

~

\textbf{Research \& Design (10 minutes)}

~~~~Students are grouped into teams and given access to
computers/tablets.

Teams research the best designs for solar ovens and the science behind
them.

Each team sketches their design on paper, ensuring they integrate
principles from their research.

~

\textbf{Building the Oven (15 minutes)}

\begin{itemize}
\tightlist
\item
  Using the provided materials, each team constructs their solar oven.
\item
  Emphasize the Engineering Design Process:
\item
  Define the problem.
\item
  Do background research.
\item
  Specify requirements.
\item
  Brainstorm solutions.
\item
  Choose the best solution.
\item
  Do development work.
\item
  Build a prototype.
\item
  Test and redesign.
\end{itemize}

~

\textbf{Testing the Oven (10 minutes)}

~~~~Place a marshmallow or piece of chocolate inside the oven.

Position the oven where it will receive maximum sunlight.

Use the thermometer to measure the temperature inside the oven over
time.

~

\textbf{Analysis \& Discussion (5 minutes)}

~~~~Teams discuss the effectiveness of their designs.

Discuss the importance of angle, reflection, and insulation in the
design.

Talk about real-world applications of solar ovens and the importance of
renewable energy.

\textbf{Assessment:}

~~~~Teams will present their designs and findings to the class,
explaining the science and math principles they integrated.

~~~~Students will write a reflection on the process, discussing what
worked, what didn't, and how they would improve their design.

~

\textbf{Technology Integration:}

\begin{itemize}
\tightlist
\item
  Use of computers/tablets for research.
\item
  Use of digital thermometers for accurate temperature readings.
\item
  Optional: Use a solar energy app or website to determine the best
  angle for maximum sunlight based on the current date and location.
\end{itemize}

~

\textbf{Extensions:}

\begin{itemize}
\tightlist
\item
  Challenge students to cook an actual dish using their solar oven.
\item
  Introduce other renewable energy projects, such as wind turbines or
  hydroelectric generators.
\end{itemize}

~

\textbf{Reflection:}

~~~~This lesson integrates science (physics of energy conversion and
insulation), technology (use of digital tools and devices), engineering
(design process), and mathematics (angles, measurement). It presents a
real-world challenge of cooking with solar energy and encourages
creativity, critical thinking, and teamwork. The hands-on nature of the
project and the potential for multiple design solutions make it engaging
and educational for students.

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