Abstract

Non-polio enterovirus such as EV-D68 and EV-A71 has been reported to cause a polio-like neurological disease known as acute flaccid myelitis. One of the diagnostics of acute flaccid myelitis is robust inflammation in cerebrospinal fluid. This may be due to the immune response triggered by EV-D68 and EV-A71 causing an influx of pro-inflammatory mediators to the infection site resulting in neurological disease. In order to reduce or prevent inflammation in the infection site, the mechanism and pathways of the immune response against EV-D68 and EV-A71 are important. Immune receptors are the sensor and the most important step to initiate the immune response. Pattern recognition receptors and inflammasome receptors are the main receptors to detect viruses including enterovirus. It is important to understand the mechanism and pathways receptors are involved.