To evaluate seed quality and the fatty acids composition of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) influenced by the different forms of Zn and Ca based fertilizers, this experiment carried out as a split plot arrangement based on randomized complete block design with three replications in the Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center of Guilan, Rasht, Iran during the 2018 and 2019 cropping seasons. The four levels of the Zn fertilizers including without fertilizer application (control), Zn-chelated Nano-fertilizer (Zn- Nano), Zn-EDTA, Zn-sulfate (ZnSO4) as the main plot and the four levels of the Ca fertilizers including Ca-chelated Nano-fertilizer (Ca-Nano), Ca-EDTA, Ca-chloride (CaC) and Ca-nitrate (CaN) as the sub-plot, comprised experimental treatments. The greatest PNP (38.78), 100-SW (61.49 g), SY (2790 kg/ha), BY (9303 kg/ha), SOC (52.34 percent), OY (1625 kg/ha), PY (673 kg/ha), OA (57.30 %), and LA (30.97 %) were obtained in response to the simultaneous foliar application of Zn and Ca Nano-fertilizers. According to the results of this assessment, the combined application of the Nano forms of Zn and Ca based fertilizers enhanced the SY of peanut via increasing of PNP and 100-SW indices and improved the peanut oil quality due to the increment of unsaturated fatty acids such as OA and LA under regional climatic conditions. Hence, Zn and Ca Nano-fertilizers and showed superiority for the quantity and quality of peanut seed to the other forms of studied fertilizers and could be recommendable to enhance the quantitative and qualitative yield of peanut under similar climatic conditions.