Boulder cluster
(n = 32)
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Generally, 1-3 boulders without footers placed near the channel thalweg,
and set at an elevation below the bankfull stage, to increase channel
complexity and provide fish habitat
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Provide mid-channel holding and refuge cover, develop feeding lanes in
flow separation zones, and increase habitat complexity
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Boulder toe
(n = 5)
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Bank stabilization treatment consisting of boulders placed along the
bank toe, back filled with native alluvium, and covered with locally
harvested sod mats or willow transplants
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Stabilize eroding streambanks, reduce point sources of sediment and
metals pollution, maintain channel dimensions, protect sod mats from
erosion, and support reestablishment of riparian vegetation
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Boulder vane
(n = 11)
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Upstream-directed boulder structure with footers placed on the outside
of meander bends designed to reduce bank erosion and provide fish
habitat by decreasing near-bank slope, velocity, velocity gradient,
stream power, and shear stress
|
Increase bank cover from differential raise in water surface near the
bank, create pool for holding and refuge cover during high and low
flows, develop feeding lanes in flow separation zones, create spawning
habitat in the glide portion of the pool, and increase habitat
complexity
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Cobble toe
(n = 8)
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Bank stabilization treatment consisting of cobbles placed along the bank
toe, back filled with native alluvium, and covered with locally
harvested sod mats or willow transplants
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Stabilize eroding streambanks, reduce point sources of sediment and
metals pollution, maintain channel dimensions, protect sod mats from
erosion, and support reestablishment of riparian vegetation
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Grade control, main channel
(n =4)
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Channel spanning boulder and log structure with footers designed to
establish grade control, reduce bank erosion, create a stable
width-to-depth ratio, and maintain channel capacity, while maintaining
sediment transport capacity and competence within the main channel
|
Increase bank cover from differential raise in water surface near the
bank, develop feeding lanes in flow separation zones, and increase
habitat complexity
|
Grade control, side channel
(n =12)
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Channel spanning boulder or log structure with footers designed to
establish grade control, reduce bank erosion, create a stable
width-to-depth ratio, and maintain channel capacity to prevent avulsion
into a side channel, erosion of nearby fluvial tailings deposits, or
stabilization of an irrigation return
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Prevent channel avulsion and erosion of fluvial tailings deposits that
could adversely affect water quality
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Log toe
(n = 22)
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Bank stabilization and fish habitat treatment consisting of logs with
and without rootwads layered along the bank toe and covered with fill
material and locally harvested sod mats or willow transplants
|
Stabilize eroding streambanks, reduce point sources of sediment and
metals pollution, increase overhead cover by creating an undercut bank,
develop feeding lanes in flow separation zones, increase habitat
complexity, and provide organic material and nutrients for benthic
macroinvertebrates
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Log vane
(n = 43)
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Bank stabilization and fish habitat treatment comprised of an
upstream-directed log structure, with footer log and no erosion control
fabric, used to deflect flows away from the bank and increase habitat
complexity
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Increase bank cover from differential raise in water surface near the
bank, create pool below the vane for holding and refuge cover, develop
feeding lanes in flow separation zones, increase habitat complexity, and
provide organic material and nutrients for benthic
macroinvertebrates
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