Background: Prior studies have demostrated that the male factor is present in 40-50% of couples with fertility problems. Because of this, and due to the increase in demand for assisted reproduction treatments, research on the etiology of male infertility has increased in recent years. Recent studies highlight how certain modifiable factors, especially dietary habits, play an important role in male fertility. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the influence of the Mediterranean diet on seminal quality in men of reproductive age. For this purpose, a systematic review of the literature was carried out following the PRISMA method. Search strategy, selection criteria, data collection and analysis: The search strategy was designed to identify full-text, published articles and included MeSH terms and the terms title and abstract. The keywords used were “Mediterranean diet”, “semen” , “quality”. 10 articles with 2032 men were included. Nutritional status was assessed through weight, height and BMI. Dietary habits were evaluated through different indexes and food frequency questionnaires and finally semen quality was evaluated by measuring sperm concentration and motility (progressive and non-progressive). Main results: In 6 (60%) of the included articles a positive relationship between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and semen quality was demonstrated, in 2 (20%) of the articles no association was found and finally, in 2 (20%) of the included articles the relationship between dietary patterns typical of DM and semen quality was evaluated. Conclusion: Dietary habits influence semen quality. Adherence to the Mediterranean diet can improve male reproductive health as it is a diet with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Key words: Semen, quality, Mediterranean diet, fertility.