Hybrid Nano fluids (H.N.F.s) are crucial in engineering, biomedical and industrial applications due to their high effective thermal conductivity when compared to ordinary fluid and Nano fluid (N.F).The study of hybrid Nano fluids (Cu and Al 2O 3) has a good application in blood flow through an artery. The impact of flow elements on velocity, temperature and concentrations has been discussed through graphs and values are tabulated. Copper and aluminum oxide comprises a hybrid combination; their volume fractions ranging from 0.01 to 0.2. The flow control equations were simplified before being coded and solved using Maple software. Figures show the study’s key conclusions, including the impact of several physical factors. With the aid of Tables and Figures, the holds of physical parameters on the flow distributions are demonstrated. In order to research the heat and mass phenomena caused by the Dufour and Soret effect, water is utilized as the base fluid and the hybrid nanoparticle of copper and alumina as the study material. The Soret factor affects surface thermal efficiency, but the Dufour effect limits surface mass transfer.

Research optimises in renewable energy areas like solar energy to overcome the universal energy crisis. FPSC are extensively used for the collection of low-temperature solar thermal energy. Research reveals porous material is the most affordable and decisive technique in improvising FPSC. A 3-D model depicts the problem more precisely. This work uses nanofluid to numerically simulate the solar radiation effect on the 3-D Darcy-Forchheimer model of FPSC. Nanofluid flow is considered along the power law of a stretching surface inside the solar collector with the impact of thermal source/sink, solar diffusion and magnetic induction. Mathematical equations are reformulated according to flow problems under different constraints. The resultant highly nonlinear coupled homogeneous PDEs are explicated using MAPLE software. Investigations are carried out on heat transfer characteristics using various non-dimensional parameters. A comparative analysis of linear and nonlinear stretching is done to analyse the problem more efficiently. This research is obliging in increasing the efficiency of solar collectors. Also, outcomes of this research can be used in many areas like preheating fluids in industries, space heating, household solar water system etc.