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Low-energy driven ring-opening behavior of benzocyclobutene derivatives
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  • Ziwei Yuan,
  • Quan Sun,
  • Jinchong Xiao,
  • Pingxia Zhang,
  • Konstantin Levchenko,
  • Dmitry Demin,
  • Wenxin Fu
Ziwei Yuan
Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Quan Sun
Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Jinchong Xiao
Hebei University
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Pingxia Zhang
Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences
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Konstantin Levchenko
MIREA Russian Technological University
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Dmitry Demin
MIREA Russian Technological University
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Wenxin Fu
Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences

Corresponding Author:fuwenxin@iccas.ac.cn

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Abstract

It’s urgent to develop benzocyclobutene (BCB)-based polymers with low curing temperatures for temperature-sensitive applications such as liquid crystal display (LCD) and flexible electronics. Herein, the effect of substituents on the ring-opening behavior of BCB derivatives was investigated. The ring-opening activation energy barriers (ΔGA) of BCB derivatives with one or two substituents on the four-membered alkyl ring were systematically calculated using the B3LYP function. Both mono- and di-substituted BCBs adopted the conrotatory ring-opening process, obeying the Woodward-Hoffmann’s Rules upon heating. The mono-/di-substituted BCBs ex-hibited 8.2 – 69% lower ΔGA compared with BCB, attributed to the electronic effects of the substituents. Disubstituted BCBs with both electron-donating and electron-withdrawing groups, e.g., 1-NH2-8-NO2-BCB, demonstrated the lowest ΔGA. In addition, BCB derivatives with amide/ester/acyloxy group modified on C1 position were synthesized as model molecules, and their ring-opening temperature can be decreased by 20 °C compared to the unsubstituted one, also consistent with our calculation results. This work combined the theoretical calculation method with experimental results to provide valuable insights into the design and synthesis of BCB derivatives and next-generation BCB functional packaging materials with low ring-opening temperatures.
10 Jul 20231st Revision Received
10 Jul 2023Submission Checks Completed
10 Jul 2023Assigned to Editor
10 Jul 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
20 Jul 2023Editorial Decision: Accept