Introduction
The 2022 World Malaria Report published by the World Health Organization showed that there were 247 million malaria cases and 619,000 deaths in 84 malaria endemic countries. In the African region, there were 234,000 malaria cases and 593,000 deaths in 2021. This region accounted for approximately 95% of cases and 96% of malaria deaths [1]. Malaria is caused by infection with a protozoan parasite of the genus Plasmodium and is transmitted by female Anopheles mosquitoes [2].
For a long time, people believed that Plasmodium vivax is not very harmful, but sometimes it can cause serious problems such as severe anemia and ARDS [3]. Falciparum malaria can cause changes in the coagulation cascade, including disseminated intravascular coagulation. Hypercoagulable complications of malaria usually occur in the microvasculature. However, there are several cases of intracranial venous thrombosis due to Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria [4-6] and there was also one case report of pulmonary thromboembolism due to Plasmodium falciparum [7].
To the best of our knowledge, there have not been case reports of plasmodium vivax associated with pulmonary thromboembolism. Here, we presented the case of a 30-year-old Ethiopian male patient who was diagnosed to have plasmodium vivax malaria and pulmonary thromboembolism.