Background Childhood cancer is the sixth leading cause of global cancer burden. Indeed, 90% of childhood cancer cases occur in low-middle-income countries (LMICs), where mortality can be 4-5 times higher than in high income settings. In addition, many LMICs lack data on pediatric oncology for policy development and resource prioritization. In this paper, we describe the state of pediatric cancer care and treatment in Cameroon. Procedure We conducted cross-sectional survey in July 2020, which enabled us to collect data from two hospitals providing pediatric oncology services in Cameroon. We collected data on service availability, human resource capacity, frequent cancer types, treatment dropout, primary reasons for drop out, disclosure of status, and management of oncology data. Result The surveyed hospitals offered both pediatric chemotherapy and palliative care services; however, none offered nuclear medicine or radiotherapy services. In terms of workforce, human resources were grossly lacking in both hospitals. The available ones include one pediatric hemato-oncologist, one medical oncologist, one resident pediatric oncologist, one pediatric surgeon, and 14 oncology nurses and about 40% (18/45) of have received specialty training in oncology. The commonest childhood cancer managed in these facilities, was Burkitt lymphoma, (39, 23%). About 30% of children on chemotherapy abandoned their treatment, primarily due to lack of funds to continue with treatment sessions. In both settings, the capacity to diagnose cancer and provide counselling was limited. In addition, the tools to capture and transmit data varied by facility, resulting to different data set being generated. Furthermore, both facilities, had no schedule and timelines for data reporting. Conclusions Our results suggest that several factors negatively impact proper cancer care and treatment of pediatric Cancers in Cameroon. These include, inadequate human resource capacity, a high proportion of dropouts from chemotherapy due to high cost, and lack of harmonized data collection and reporting tools and systems. Systematically addressing these factors could contribute to improving treatment outcomes for pediatric cancer patients in Cameroon.