Somatic drug profiles in patients diagnosed with major depressive
disorder -- a Danish nationwide register study using Latent Class
Analysis
Abstract
Background: Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a heterologous disease in
respect to clinical symptoms, severity and responsiveness to treatment,
and is often accompanied by somatic comorbidities. The objective of this
study was to identify and characterize subgroups of patients with a
first-time MDD diagnosis based on somatic drug utilization, including
socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, and psychiatric
healthcare-related outcomes. Methods: The nationwide register-based
study included all Danish patients with an incident MDD diagnosis
between 2011 and 2015. Using Latent Class Analysis (LCA), the population
was sub-grouped according to somatic drug use (drug profiles).
Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics at baseline and
odds/hazards of shift in antidepressant treatment and psychiatric
hospitalization one year after index were compared between the drug
profiles. Trajectories of drug profile membership over time was also
analyzed. Results: Of 37,080 MDD patients (mean age 41.5 years, 62%
women), the LCA identified five unique somatic drug profiles: 1) limited
drug use (74.3%), 2) drugs for pain management (7.6%), 3)
cardiovascular drugs (10.7%), 4) drugs for obstructive airway diseases
(2.3%) and 5) high drug burden (5.1%). There were large differences in
age between the drug profiles, and limited drug use profile and high
drug burden profile had lower rates of psychiatric hospitalization than
the cardiovascular drug profile. When analyzing the trajectories, we
found that the majority of the population continued in the same drug
profile during all time intervals. Conclusion: The identified five
somatic drug profiles were comparable in respect to the course of the
depression during one year following diagnosis.