Figure leyends
Figure 1. a) Surface electric charge distribution on the GOx
enzyme and BMV capsomer. The GOx surface mostly exhibits negative
electric charges (red color), and the inner surface of BMV capsomers
shows a more positive (blue color) electric charge distribution. The
difference in electric charge distribution between GOx and the inner BMV
surface results in electric charge complementarity. In silico results by
Maestro Schrodinger®. b) Schematic representation of VLP-GOx nanoreactor
self-assembly encapsulation and HSA functionalization
Figure 2. Purification of VLP-GOx nanoreactors by SEC HPLC
chromatography using differences in retention time A) Overlapped
chromatograms show the retention time for native BMV=5.7 min, free
GOx=7.5 min and disassembled CP=8.4 min. B) VLP-GOx nanoreactors
retention time=5.7 min, similar to native virions of BMV. The VLP-GOx
nanoreactors were purified by collecting the fractions from 5.5 to 6.5
min.
Figure 3. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) of
nanoreactors. A) Quasi-spherical unmodified VLP-GOx nanoreactors, and B)
VLP-GOx@HSA functionalized nanoreactors.
Figure 4. Cytotoxicity activity of empty unmodified and
modified VLPs on cell cultures of 4T1 breast tumor mouse cell line
model, and 293T healthy embryonic kidney human cells. Two-way RM ANOVA
(p<0.001). *** Significative difference between the two
preparations at the same concentration. ‡ Significative difference with
the control.
Figure 5. Cytotoxicity of unfuctionalized VLP-GOx and
functionalized VLP-GOx@HSA nanoreactors on 4T1 breast tumor mouse cell
line. Mean and standard deviation were obtained from three independent
experiments.
Figure 6. Cytotoxicity of unfuctionalized VLP-GOx and
functionalized VLP-GOx@HSA nanoreactors on 293T kidney cell line. Mean
and standard deviation were obtained from three independent experiments.
Figure 7. Flourescence microscopy images of the triple negative
breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 expressing GFP. The images were taken
at different times after treatement with VLP-GOx@HSA. The bubble-like
formations are shown with yellow arrows. See videos on the Supplementary
information.