References:

1. Shehwaro N, Langlois AL, Gueutin V, Izzedine H. Renal involvement in idiopathic hypereosinophilic syndrome. Clin Kidney J. 2013;6(3):272-6. doi:10.1093/ckj/sft046
2. Sreedharanunni S, Varma N, Sachdeva MUS, Naseem S, Malhotra P, Bansal D, et al. The spectrum of hypereosinophilia and associated clonal disorders – a real-world data based on combined retrospective and prospective analysis from a tropical setting. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis. 2018;10(1):e2018052. doi: 10.4084/MJHID.2018.052
3. Shomali W, Gotlib J. World Health Organization-defined eosinophilic disorders: 2022 update on diagnosis, risk stratification, and management. Am J Hematol. 2022;97(1):129-148. doi: 10.1002/ajh.26352

1. Curtis C, Ogbogu P. Hypereosinophilic syndrome. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol. 2016;50(2):240-51. doi: 10.1007/s12016-015-8506-7
2. Requena G, Logie J, Gibbons DC, Steinfeld J, Van Dyke MK. The increasing incidence and prevalence of hypereosinophilic syndrome in the United Kingdom. Immun Inflamm Dis. 2021(4):1447-1451. doi: 10.1002/iid3.495
3. Weller PF, Lim K, Wan HC, Dvorak AM, Wong DT, Cruikshank WW, et al. Role of the eosinophil in allergic reactions. Eur Respir J Suppl. 1996;22:109s-115s
4. Christodoulou DK, Sigounas DE, Katsanos KH, Dimos G, Tsianos EV. Small bowel parasitosis as cause of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding diagnosed by capsule endoscopy. World J Gastrointest Endosc. 2010;2(11):369-71. doi: 10.4253/wjge.v2.i11.369
5. Valent P, Gleich GJ, Reiter A, Roufosse F, Weller PF, Hellmann A, et al. Pathogenesis and classification of eosinophil disorders: a review of recent developments in the field. Expert Review of Hematology. 2012;5(2):157-76, DOI: 10.1586/ehm.11.81
6. Rothenberg, M. E. Eosinophilia. N Engl J Med. 1998;338(22):1592-1600.
7. Tefferi A, Gotlib J, Pardanani A. Hypereosinophilic syndrome and clonal eosinophilia: point-of-care diagnostic algorithm and treatment update. Mayo Clin Proc. 2010;85(2):158-64. doi: 10.4065/mcp.2009.0503
8. Ogbogu PU, Bochner BS, Butterfield JH, Gleich GJ, Huss-Marp J, Kahn JE, et al. Hypereosinophilic syndrome: a multicenter, retrospective analysis of clinical characteristics and response to therapy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2009;124(6):1319-25.e3. doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2009.09.022
9. Das, R. N. Fatal Eosinophilic Cardiomyopathy and Dysphonia: A case report from a teaching hospital in Nepal.Indian Academy of Clinical Medicine. 2018;19(3):227.
10. Fazel R, Dhaliwal G, Saint S, Nallamothu BK. Clinical problem-solving. A red flag. N Engl J Med. 2009;360(19):2005-10. doi: 10.1056/NEJMcps0802754

Table 1: Findings of ANCA, FISH, and bone marrow aspiration