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Investigation of Bovine Serum Albumin specific IgE expression in horses
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  • Elizabeth Perry,
  • Katherine Delph,
  • Christopher Blevins,
  • Kaori Knights,
  • Nora Springer,
  • Elizabeth Davis
Elizabeth Perry
Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine

Corresponding Author:elizabethperrydvm@gmail.com

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Katherine Delph
Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine
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Christopher Blevins
Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine
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Kaori Knights
Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine
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Nora Springer
The University of Tennessee Knoxville College of Veterinary Medicine
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Elizabeth Davis
Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine
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Abstract

Background: Neonatal foals are born essentially agammaglobulinemic and therefore must ingest colostrum or receive immunoglobulins to maintain health. Failure of passive transfer treatment involves administration of equine colostrum, plasma or commercial powdered colostrum (CPC). Anecdotal reports suggest a risk of anaphylaxis associated with plasma transfusion in neonates that received CPC prior to gut closure. Bovine serum albumin (BSA) in CPC may serve as a target for BSA-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) in donor equine plasma. Objectives: To determine presence of BSA-specific IgE in samples collected post-routine vaccination in healthy horses, horses experiencing adverse vaccine reactions and commercial equine plasma. Study Design: Prospective Observational Methods: Serum was collected from 65 healthy horses at day 0, 14, 28, 90, 180, 270 and 365 post-vaccination, 26 horses after vaccine reaction at day 1, 180 or 270 post-vaccination, 4 horses not vaccinated and 10 horses from a commercial plasma donor herd. BSA-specific IgE was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: BSA-specific IgE was not detected in non-vaccinated horses and was identified in all vaccinated horses. Younger horses demonstrated higher fold changes in post-vaccination BSA-specific IgE expression compared to older horses. No significant difference in BSA-specific IgE levels between commercial plasma donors and healthy horses was identified. No significant difference in post-vaccination anti-BSA IgE levels between reactor and healthy horses at day 180 and 270 post-vaccination were identified. Main Limitations: Small number of reactor horses at day 180 and 270 post-vaccination with most samples being collected 24 hours. There were no healthy horse samples for 24 hours post-vaccination; therefore, it was not possible to compare the two groups at this timepoint. Conclusions: Horses may express BSA specific IgE following vaccination. There may be risk of hypersensitivity type reaction when veterinarians administer commercial plasma to neonatal foals that have consumed CPC prior to gut closure.
16 Mar 2023Submitted to Equine Veterinary Education
17 Mar 2023Submission Checks Completed
17 Mar 2023Assigned to Editor
22 Mar 2023Reviewer(s) Assigned
02 Apr 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
03 Apr 2023Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
20 Jun 20231st Revision Received
21 Jun 2023Submission Checks Completed
21 Jun 2023Assigned to Editor
21 Jun 2023Reviewer(s) Assigned
21 Jun 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
22 Jun 2023Editorial Decision: Revise Minor
23 Jun 20232nd Revision Received
26 Jun 2023Submission Checks Completed
26 Jun 2023Assigned to Editor
03 Jul 2023Editorial Decision: Accept