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\title{Radiative impacts of Californian marine low clouds on North Pacific
climate in a global climate model}



\author[1]{Ayumu Miyamoto}%
\author[2,3]{Hisashi Nakamura}%
\author[1]{Shang-Ping Xie}%
\author[2]{Takafumi Miyasaka}%
\author[2]{Yu Kosaka}%
\affil[1]{Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California San Diego}%
\affil[2]{Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, The University of Tokyo}%
\affil[3]{Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology}%


\vspace{-1em}



  
  \date{May 08, 2026}


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\begin{abstract}
The northeastern Pacific climate system is featured by an extensive
low-cloud deck off California on the southeastern flank of the
subtropical high that accompanies intense northeasterly trades and
relatively low sea surface temperatures (SSTs). This study assesses
climatological impacts of the low-cloud deck and their seasonal
differences by regionally turning on and off the low-cloud radiative
effect in a fully coupled atmosphere-ocean model. The simulations
demonstrate that the cloud radiative effect causes a local SST decrease
of up to 3\selectlanguage{ngerman}°C on an annual average with the response extending
southwestward with intensified trade winds, indicative of the
wind-evaporation-SST (WES) feedback. This non-local wind response is
strong in summer, when the SST decrease peaks due to increased shortwave
cooling, and persis%
\end{abstract}\selectlanguage{ngerman}%



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\emph{This work was accepted for publication in Journal of Climate.
Materials are available at the following
website:~}\url{https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-23-0153.1}

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