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CYTOKINES, CHEMOKINES AND CELLS GROWTH FACTORS IN PATIENTS WITH MILD TO MODERATE SARS-CoV-2 INFECTION: A CASE-CONTROL STUDY
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  • R.N.D.G. Gondim,
  • Érico Antônio Gomes de Arruda,
  • Roberto da Justa Pires Neto,
  • Melissa Soares Medeiros,
  • J. Quirino-Filho,
  • M. Clementino,
  • Lyvia Maria Vasconcelos Carneiro Magalhães,
  • Karene Ferreira Cavalcante,
  • Vania Angelica Feitosa Viana,
  • Liana Perdigão Mello,
  • L.M.B. Carlos,
  • Alexandre Havt,
  • Aldo Lima
R.N.D.G. Gondim
Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Ceara
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Érico Antônio Gomes de Arruda
Hospital Sao Jose de Doencas Infecciosas
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Roberto da Justa Pires Neto
Hospital Sao Jose de Doencas Infecciosas
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Melissa Soares Medeiros
Hospital Sao Jose de Doencas Infecciosas
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J. Quirino-Filho
Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Ceara
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M. Clementino
Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Ceara
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Lyvia Maria Vasconcelos Carneiro Magalhães
Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Ceara
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Karene Ferreira Cavalcante
Governo do Estado do Ceara
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Vania Angelica Feitosa Viana
Governo do Estado do Ceara
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Liana Perdigão Mello
Governo do Estado do Ceara
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L.M.B. Carlos
Centro de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Ceara
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Alexandre Havt
Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Ceara
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Aldo Lima
Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Ceara

Corresponding Author:alima@ufc.br

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Abstract

Several biomarkers have been evaluated as predictors of severity or in directing the treatment of COVID-19, however there are no conclusive results with prediction of the pathobiology of the infection. In this study, we evaluated serum levels of cytokines, chemokines, and cell growth factors in association with the pathobiology of mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection. Those markers may act as immuno-inflammatory biomarkers in adults with mild to moderate flu syndrome who sought care at health units. Serum levels of SARS-CoV-2 infected patients (n=113) and flu symptoms individuals negative for SARS-CoV-2 (n=58), tested by the RT-qPCR test - nasal swab were compared to healthy controls (n=53). Participants who were symptomatic but negative for SARS-CoV-2 were tested for Influenza A/B and Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV). Results showed that the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, MCP-3, TNF-α and G-CSF were increased in symptomatic patients and the cytokines IL-6 and IL-10 were associated with patients positive for SARS-CoV-2 when compared to healthy controls. Symptoms associated with COVID-19 were fever, anosmia, ageusia and myalgia. For patients without SARS-CoV-2 infection their major symptom was sore throat. Five percent (4/83) of SARS-CoV-2 negative patients were positive for RSV. The pathobiology of mild to moderate SARS-CoV-2 infection was associated with increasing pro-inflammatory cytokines and also a pleiotropic IL-6 and anti-inflammatory IL-10 cytokines compared to healthy controls.
06 Mar 2023Submitted to Journal of Medical Virology
06 Mar 2023Submission Checks Completed
06 Mar 2023Assigned to Editor
06 Mar 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
28 Mar 2023Reviewer(s) Assigned
18 Apr 2023Editorial Decision: Revise Major
19 Jun 20231st Revision Received
22 Jun 2023Submission Checks Completed
22 Jun 2023Assigned to Editor
22 Jun 2023Review(s) Completed, Editorial Evaluation Pending
28 Jun 2023Reviewer(s) Assigned
07 Aug 2023Editorial Decision: Accept