1 Introduction:Intestinal parasites are causing a significant global health concern, with over 3.5 billion people affected worldwide [1,2,3]. The infestation rates vary depending on the country of residence and individual demographics related to populations’ exposure. Common intestinal parasites include soil-transmitted helminths such asAscaris lumbricoides , Trichuris trichiura , hookworm, and protozoa like Giardia intestinalis and Entamoeba spp [4, 5]. Least developed countries in particular, face higher prevalence and burden rates of these infections due to factors related to poverty and underdevelopment including limited access to clean water, poor hygiene and sanitation practices, malnutrition, and hot and humid climates [6,7]. This combination of conditions and practices create an ideal environment for the transmission, spread, and local establishment of intestinal parasites [8,9,10]. Sudan and South Sudan are predominantly endemic with soil-transmitted helminthes and other parasitic diseases [10 - 23].Additionally, infection with intestinal parasites poses a serious health, socio-cultural, and economic burdens in endemic countries, while in industrialized nations, mainly immigrants, seasonal workers, and nomadic populations are the primary groups at risk [24, 25]. Transmission of parasites can occur through direct person-to-person contact or contact with contaminated sources like food, water, or soil [26]. In high burden areas, coinfections with multiple parasites are increasingly occurring due to the poor living conditions, malnutrition, and weakened immuno-system [27,28, 29]. It lead to high morbidity, mortality, disability, and enhance the susceptibility to other infections [27 - 29]. Children, teens and adult, are at higher risk of adverse health outcomes with multiple parasitic infections compared to single infestations [30]. Here, we report case to highlight how poor socio-economic conditions and disadvantaged living situations of immigrants can profoundly affect health outcomes even in developed countries.
