DATA AVAILABILITY AND REPRODUCIBILITY
STATEMENT
The data that support the findings of this study are available from the
corresponding author upon reasonable request. Source data are provided
with this article. More than three independent replicate experiments
were performed and the reproducibility of this research is good.
The bubble diameter distributions in Figures 10-12 are listed in Figures
S1-3 of the supplementary material.
All videos are included in video.zip. The videos of bubble flow pattern
in Figure 9 are Sparse bubble flow.avi, Dense bubble flow.avi, and Slug
flow.avi in supplementary material. Videos of Coalescence.avi, Bubble
trajectory-spiral.avi, and Bubble trajectory-straight.avi are bubble
coalescence and trajectory, which are related to Figures 14 and 15.
Error bars in Figures 5, 7, 10, 11, and 12 show the spread of data
observed in triplicate measurements. The air tightness of CMGD should be
tested before the experiment in order to ensure the reliability and
reproducibility of the experiment.