2.1 Dataset collation & screening process
A literature search was conducted using Web of Knowledge and Google Scholar search engines between May and July 2020 using the key words: (animal_move* OR gps_track* OR gps_tag* OR gps_loc* OR radio_trans* OR radio_tele* OR radio_track* OR radio_tag) AND (seed_dispers* OR frugiv*). This search string generated 240 studies, of which 34 were omitted as they were data files from Figshare or Movebank data repositories (https://www.datarepository.movebank.org/), not published studies. The remaining literature was then screened for the following criteria: 1) full-text and peer-reviewed article in English or suitable for online translation, 2) Article presents data from radio transmitters or GPS tags attached to a predominately frugivorous animal. One publication, Tamura and Hayashi (2008) could not be included as we were unable to translate the uploaded, scanned document through an online translator. We defined a frugivore following Terborgh (1986) and Fleming et al (1987) as an animal whose diet consists of at least 50% fleshy fruits. This included some largely herbivorous and omnivorous species where seeds and fruits comprised over 50% of their diet during particular seasons or life stages (i.e., pregnancy, migration, etc. Bairlein, 2002; Bodmer & Ward, 2006; Carnicer et al, 2009)
If more than one study used the same dataset, the earliest study was selected for inclusion in the review. Of the 206 studies screened, 109 met the criteria to be retained. Twelve of these studies used transmitters attached to food resources rather than frugivores directly and were retained as the information could be used to calculate seed dispersal distances. Additional articles were found in the literature cited by these articles, which had not been obtained through the previous search. This resulted in a further 39 studies that met the scientific criteria. Finally, we found a further 14 studies during a search in April 2022 using the same previous search string to incorporate studies published between the first search and the completion of the review. All studies were then screened to extract only the studies that clearly calculated seed dispersal distances from monitoring frugivore movements through biologging techniques. A total of 162 peer-reviewed research studies were included in the review, and 67 of these were used for assessing seed dispersal distances. No date restrictions were applied to the search, thus the earliest study included in the review was published in 1978 and the most recent in 2022.