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\title{Continental Scale Assessment of Variation in Floodplain Roughness with
Vegetation and Flow Characteristics}



\author[1]{Gabriel Barinas}%
\author[1]{Stephen Paul Good}%
\author[1]{Desiree Tullos}%
\affil[1]{Oregon State University}%


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  \date{April 26, 2026}


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\begin{abstract}
Quantifying floodplain flows is critical to multiple river management
objectives, yet how vegetation within floodplains dissipates flow energy
lacks comprehensive characterization. Utilizing over 3.4 million
discharge measurements, in conjunction with aboveground biomass and
canopy height measurements from NASA's Global Ecosystem Dynamics
Investigation (GEDI), this study characterizes the floodplain roughness
coefficient Manning's \emph{n} and its determinates across the
continental United States. Estimated values of \emph{n} show that flow
resistance in floodplains decreases as flow velocity increases but
increases with the fraction of vegetation inundated. A new function
(RMSE = 0.024, r\textsuperscript{2} = 0.74) is proposed for predicting
\emph{n} based on GEDI vegetation characteristics and flow velocity,
with GEDI derived \emph{n} values improving predictions of discharge
relative to those based only on land cover. This analysis provides
evidence of key hydraulic patterns of energy dissipation in floodplains,
and integration of the proposed function into flood and habitat models
may reduce uncertainty. {}%
\end{abstract}%



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