To make the snake robot crawl quickly along the high-voltage cable, this paper employs the Simulated Annealing Algorithm (SAA) to find the optimal step size for the spiral-winding gait of the snake robot and improve its crawling speed along a high-voltage cable. First, a robotic spiral-winding gait is designed based on a snake-like robot configuration and the crawling environment along a wire. Next, the double-chain Hopf oscillator is used to generate the spiral-winding gait for the snake-like robot. After that, based on the snake robot’s position, the SAA is employed to improve the crawling speed of the snake robot by finding the optimal step size of the spiral-winding gait. Finally, the CoppeliaSim software is used to analyze the optimization effect of the speed of the snake robot crawling along the wire. The results highlight that the maximum crawling speeds of the snake robot are 0.8868 cm/s, 0.8843 cm/s, 0.8598 cm/s, and 0.7971 cm/s, which are 18.01%, 8.16%, 11.01%, and 12.16% lower than the maximum speed obtained using the sampling fit method when the wire friction coefficients are 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, and 0.6. This simulation results verify the effectiveness of the optimized control algorithm.