2017/2018 Cohort
The Hopkinās statistic for 2017/2018 was 0.810. The 3-cluster model was
selected with the highest average silhouette width of 0.15 (Figure 1).
The silhouette plots indicate the possibility of minor misclassification
of some individuals. There were significant differences in race, age,
CCI, and diabetes between clusters (Table 2). For the variables included
in the PAM algorithm, those in Cluster 1 (C171) had
significantly higher mean glucose (minimum mean 210.4mg/dL, SD 66.9)
than those in Cluster 2 (C172) (minimum mean 90.5mg/dL,
SD 16.4) and Cluster 3 (C173) (minimum mean 110.0mg/dL,
SD 26.7). Those in C172 had significantly lower maximum
heart rate, maximum systolic blood pressure, minimum white blood cell
count, minimum platelets, and estimated glomerular filtration rate than
the other two clusters. Those in C172 also had
significantly higher maximum creatinine than the other clusters. The
rate of being mechanically ventilated was higher in C171
than C172 (22.6% vs. 6.9%), and the overall hospital
length of stay was longer for those in C171 than
C173 (mean 4.5 days (SD 4.4) vs. mean 2.8 days (SD
2.4)).
After adjustment for age group, sex, hospital, continuous CCI, and
influenza vaccination status, those in C171 had 5.6
times the odds of having a mechanical ventilator than those in
C172 (95%CI:1.49,21.1; Figure 2). Additionally, those
in C171 had a significantly longer model-adjusted mean
hospital length of stay than those in both C172 (mean
1.5 days longer, 95%CI:0.2,2.7) and C173 (mean 1.4 days
longer, 95%CI:0.3,2.5). There were no significant differences between
clusters for the outcomes of ICU stay or prolonged hospital stay.
Vaccination status was not associated with adverse outcomes in the fully
adjusted models.