Abstract
Recent improvements in GNSS capabilities of various Internet-of-Things
(IoT) devices, including smartphones, have allowed for better PNT
performance, as well as for new potential applications in geosciences.
In particular, multi-constellation and multi-frequency receivers found
in recent generations of smartphones bring great potential for GNSS
science exploitation. However, access to IoT data for scientific
purposes is currently limited, facing different data processing
challenges. The project CAMALIOT: Application of Machine Learning
Technology for GNSS IoT Data Fusion addresses these issues in order to
increase the usability of GNSS IoT data for scientific purposes. It
encompasses the whole pipeline from raw GNSS IoT data collection and
development of methods for efficient and automatic processing, to the
final suitability demonstration for determination and prediction of
atmospheric parameters. In this way, the project will extend the
capabilities of the GNSS Science Support Centre (GSSC) of ESA, which
offers GNSS data and processing services for various domains. In order
to collect raw GNSS IoT data, an Android app has been developed that
will be the basis of a crowdsourcing campaign. The data ingestion,
processing, and analysis are designed to be highly automated, robust,
and scalable. Machine learning is used for several tasks in the
processing scheme, including anomaly detection as well as data fusion
and prediction. The GNSS IoT data is combined with geodetic GNSS data
and external models and datasets related to the atmosphere and space
weather to realize global grids of tropospheric parameters (zenith wet
delays, gradients, precipitable water vapor) and ionospheric vertical
total electron content. This work is funded by the NAVISP Element 1
program of ESA.