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Characterizing Roadway Runoff and Hydraulic Performance of Engineered Media for Treating Contaminated Runoff
  • Mohammad Shokri,
  • Kelly Kibler
Mohammad Shokri
University of Central Florida

Corresponding Author:shokri.m@knights.ucf.edu

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Kelly Kibler
University of Central Florida
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Abstract

The objective of this joint field and laboratory study is to characterize the delivery and infiltration of nutrient loads from roadway runoff within roadway shoulders. Roadway runoff can be a major non-point source of nutrients entering surface and groundwater resources. Vegetated swales equipped with engineered media (vegetated filter strips) placed between roadways and receiving water bodies may hold promise to remedy contaminated runoff. However, performance of roadside filters is dependent upon hydraulic conditions as a first-order control of infiltration into filters. Variation of flows and infiltration rates were observed at distances of 0 to 6 m along vegetated shoulders and embankments using field-scale roadway models. Two laboratory test beds (experimental and control) drained by 300 drainage ports were designed according to the typical standard cross section of roadways in Florida. The experimental bed was filled with a surface layer of sandy soil (0.3 m depth, D50 = 0.27 mm) underlain by engineered media (0.7 m depth, D50 = 0.3 mm), while the control bed was filled with sandy soil (1 m depth, D50 = 0.27 mm). All media was compacted to 1400 – 1550 kg/m3 and beds were vegetated with Argentine Bahia grasses. Runoff was introduced from a 3 m impervious roadway section into a 1.5 m vegetated shoulder (6.0% slope) followed by 4.5 m vegetated embankment (16.0% slope). Storms designed by frequency analysis of 30 years of 15-min rainfall data gauged in North-Central Florida were introduced to the systems using a rainfall simulator with maximum precipitation rate of over 300 mm/hr. To determine dynamic nutrient contents, five synoptic samples of roadway runoff were collected at three locations over 10 storm events. Samples were analyzed for nutrient content and storm characteristics (precipitation, runoff) were determined from gauged information observed at study sites. Field information was integrated to design dynamic nutrient content of runoff introduced by synthetic storms.