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\title{STAEBLE: A surface-temperature- and avaliable-energy-based lake
evaporation model}



\author[1]{Nelson Luís Dias}%
\author[1]{Lucas Emilio Bernardelli Hoeltgebaum}%
\author[2]{Irani dos Santos}%
\affil[1]{Federal University of Paraná}%
\affil[2]{Federal University of Parana, Brazi}%


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  \date{May 08, 2026}


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\begin{abstract}
A mass transfer evaporation model is proposed that uses MODIS water
surface temperature data and land-based meteorological data, and employs
a new approach to calibrate the transfer coefficient via closure of the
long-term energy budget of the lake. Some of the longstanding issues of
developing and applying lake evaporation models are reviewed, including
the adequacy of using land-based meteorological data, the difficulty of
applying transfer coefficients with fixed values calibrated elsewhere,
and the need to estimate rates of change of stored enthalpy when the
model involves energy budget concepts. Publicly available data from a
5-year measurement campaign at Lake Mead allow to quantify the effect of
using land-based data, and subsequently to test the proposed model. We
show that atmospheric stability effects are very important, and that
their incorporation by means of existing stability functions in the
literature produces good results with a one-parameter model that can be
locally calibrated with the same input data used by the model, without
the need of local evaporation measurements. The model is simple in its
structure and data requirements, and can be widely applied.%
\end{abstract}%



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