Dependency Grammar has recently gained relevance with the increase of works using its methodology to perform automatic syntactic analysis. They are very productive in terms of syntactic disambiguation, considering the binary arrangement of the trees, and they also have been shown to be much more efficient for automatic parsing (NIVRE, 2005, p.1). With this new demand, Dependency Grammar has become a relevant term in Natural Language Processing works (KÜBLER et al., 2009; DE MARNEFFE and NIVRE; 2019). However, studies related to Dependency Grammars were marginalized compared to the traditional methodology of syntactic analysis, the constituents analysis, which made it difficult to access the theoretical foundation that this type of methodology follows. Considering this, this work intends to make an introductory review of the fundamentals that govern most of the syntactic theories that use the dependency methodology, to make the Dependency Grammar models, as well as the concept of dependency, clearer and more accessible.