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Evolution of viral pneumonia before and after COVID-19 pandemic---A retrospective study based on respiratory viral nucleic acid results from 5,928 patients
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  • Xiao Jiao Tan,
  • Zheng Zhang,
  • Huan Zhang,
  • JianBo Li,
  • Xuewei Yang,
  • LiJie Wang,
  • MeiQian Li,
  • Dan Shi,
  • Yao Li,
  • XueLian Liao
Xiao Jiao Tan
University of Sichuan,West China Hospital

Corresponding Author:1158926908@qq.com

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Zheng Zhang
Sichuan University West China Hospital
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Huan Zhang
Sichuan University West China Hospital
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JianBo Li
Sichuan University West China Hospital
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Xuewei Yang
Sichuan University West China Hospital
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LiJie Wang
Sichuan University West China Hospital
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MeiQian Li
Sichuan University West China Hospital
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Dan Shi
Sichuan University West China Hospital
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Yao Li
Sichuan University West China Hospital
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XueLian Liao
Sichuan University West China Hospital
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Abstract

Background:There are limited data on etiology of viral pneumonia under the impact of COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to investigate the changes of viral pneumonia before and after COVID-19 pandemic among patients diagnosed with pneumonia. Methods:This is a single-center retrospective study. Patients hospitalized with pneumonia during January 1,2016 and Dec 31,2021 in West China Hospital were included and divided into pre- and post-COVID-19 groups according to the point of COVID-19 outbreak in China which was December 8,2019. Results of the 13 viral nucleic acid tests were compared between the two groups. Results:5,928 patients were analyzed,3,945 in the pre-COVID-19 group while 1,983 in the post-COVID-19. Respiratory viral nucleic acid screening proportion was riseing after COVID-19 (14.8% VS 22.8%).But the positive rate of post-COVID-19 total virus and Influenza virus had decreased 23.3% and 18.3%, respectively,p<0.05. The top three viral pneumonia were InfAH1N1(2009),Human Rhinovirus,Human Adenovirus before COVID-19, while HRV, Human Parainfluenza virus, Human Respiratory Syncytial virus after COVID-19 pandemic. Notebly,InfAH1N1(2009) pneumonia decreased to 0% after the pandemic. Conclusions:Proportion of viral pneumonia has significantly decreased under the impact of COVID-19 pneumonia and the incidence of InfAH1N1(2009) pneumonia is almost 0.