Tri-layer low-carbon distributed optimization of IES based on hybrid
games under stochastic scenarios
Abstract
Low-carbon development of integrated energy systems is achieved via the
sharing of multiple energy interactions by park-level integrated energy
systems (PIESs). However, coordinating profit distribution conflict
between complex interactive stakeholders under stochastic scenarios is
challenging. Accordingly, this study proposes a novel tri-layer
framework that aggregates different game mechanisms to investigate the
interactions between PIESs and coupled energy markets. First, a linkage
trading mechanism is proposed by integrating carbon emissions trading
and green certificate trading , which establishes a coupled
electricity-carbon-green certificate market. Consequently, a park
aggregation operator acts as an intermediary between PIESs and the
coupled market, setting purchase and sale prices to guide unit
generation in each PIES using the master-slave game theory. Then, the
Nash game theory is applied to realize a cooperative bargaining among
PIESs for fair revenue distribution. Further, the impact of uncertain
environments has been considered using stochastic scenario methods and
the conditional value-at-risk theory. Furthermore, to protect the
privacy of each participating agent while improving convergence speed, a
differential evolutionary method is combined with analysis target
cascading to solve the framework. Finally, the proposed scheduling
method is verified using a typical case to optimize conflicting PIES
interests in multiple scenarios and realize decarbonization
transformation.